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Sains Malaysiana 54(9)(2025): 2243-2251
http://doi.org/10.17576/jsm-2025-5409-11
Evaluation of
Dimensional Stability and Tear Strength: A Preliminary Study on Polyvinyl
Siloxane Impression Material
(Penilaian Kestabilan Dimensi dan Kekuatan
Koyakan: Kajian Awal terhadap Bahan Impresi Polivinil Siloksana)
MOHAMAD
FIRDAUS AHMAD1, NURUL IZZAH ROSLI1, ROS ANITA OMAR2,
MUHAMMAD AIDIL ROSLAN3 & NOOR AZLIN YAHYA2,*
1Faculty of Dentistry, Universiti Malaya,
50603 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
Received: 18
April 2025/Accepted: 11 July 2025
Abstract
This
study investigated the tear strength and dimensional stability of polyvinyl
siloxane (PVS) impression materials following chemical disinfection and storage
at various intervals. Aquasil Ultra+ was evaluated for dimensional stability,
with 10 specimens fabricated according to American National Standards
Institute/American Dental Association (ANSI/ADA) Specification No. 19. After
1-h immersion in disinfectant, samples were sealed and stored for 24 h, 7 days,
and 14 days. Dimensional changes were assessed using an image analyser at 20×
magnification. Tear strength was tested in 12 specimens each of Aquasil Ultra+
and Chromaclone, prepared in accordance with American Society for Testing and
Materials (ASTM) 1004 and evaluated using a universal testing machine at a
crosshead speed of 51 mm/min. Statistical analysis included repeated measures
analysis of variance and independent t-tests. The dimensional stability of
Aquasil Ultra+ remained within the ADA’s 0.5% limit across all time points (p = 0.051). Tear strength differed significantly (p = 0.002), with Aquasil
Ultra+ (7.48 ± 1.35 N/mm) outperforming Chromaclone (5.98 ± 0.70 N/mm). Both
materials exceeded the minimum acceptable tear strength after 5 min of setting.
Clinical implication: Aquasil Ultra+ offers clinicians reliable performance and
flexibility in delayed model fabrication without compromising accuracy or
material durability.
Keywords: Dental
impression; dimensional stability; disinfectant; elastomeric materials;
polyvinyl siloxane; tear strength
Abstrak
Kajian
ini menilai kekuatan koyakan dan kestabilan dimensi bahan impresi polivinil
siloksana (PVS) selepas pembasmian kuman secara kimia dan penyimpanan pada
pelbagai selang masa. Aquasil Ultra+ dinilai dari segi kestabilan dimensi
dengan 10 spesimen dihasilkan mengikut spesifikasi ANSI/ADA No. 19. Selepas
perendaman selama 1 jam dalam bahan pembasmi kuman, sampel dimeterai dan
disimpan selama 24 jam, 7 hari dan 14 hari. Perubahan dimensi dianalisis
menggunakan penganalisis imej dengan pembesaran 20×. Ujian kekuatan koyakan
dijalankan ke atas 12 spesimen masing-masing bagi Aquasil Ultra+ dan
Chromaclone yang disediakan mengikut piawaian ASTM 1004 dan diuji menggunakan
mesin ujian universal pada kelajuan rentas kepala 51 mm/min. Analisis statistik
melibatkan ANOVA ukuran berulang dan ujian-t bebas. Kestabilan dimensi Aquasil
Ultra+ kekal dalam had 0.5% yang ditetapkan oleh ADA bagi semua selang masa (p = 0.051). Kekuatan koyakan menunjukkan perbezaan ketara (p = 0.002)
dengan Aquasil Ultra+ (7.48±1.35 N/mm) mengatasi Chromaclone (5.98±0.70 N/mm).
Kedua-dua bahan melebihi ambang minimum kekuatan koyakan selepas 5 minit
pengerasan. Aquasil Ultra+ menunjukkan kestabilan dimensi dan kekuatan
mekanikal yang sangat baik walaupun selepas penyimpanan berpanjangan. Implikasi
klinikal: Aquasil Ultra+ menawarkan prestasi yang boleh dipercayai dan
kefleksibelan dalam pembuatan model tertunda tanpa menjejaskan ketepatan atau
ketahanan bahan.
Kata kunci: Bahan
elastomerik; bahan pembasmi kuman; impresi pergigian; kekuatan koyakan; kestabilan
dimensi; polivinil siloksana
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